Statutes
Which of these laws has ever been used?
Legislatures have written a great deal of law for AI-enabled conduct. This page asks a narrower question about each one: has it produced a criminal conviction, and if not, what did.
So far the statutes written specifically for AI have produced almost nothing, and the convictions that exist came under general criminal law, some of it older than the internet. One jurisdiction is the exception and it is worth understanding why.
A conviction count of zero is not a claim that a law is useless. Most of these are recent, and prosecutors reach for what they know. It is a claim about what the public record currently shows, and it is stated here because nobody else appears to be counting.
TAKE IT DOWN Act
Non-consensual intimate imagery and digital forgeries of identifiable people.
One conviction located. A guilty plea in April 2026 led to a 180-month sentence in September 2026. The forgery count reached the adult victims; the child-related conduct in the same case was charged under a statute from 2003.
State AI election deepfake laws
Synthetic media depicting candidates, typically within a window before an election.
No criminal conviction located in any state. The most prominent prosecution, over a 2024 robocall imitating President Biden, ended in acquittal; a separate $6m FCC penalty was regulatory rather than criminal. Laws in California and Hawaii have been struck down on First Amendment grounds and Montana's is under challenge. Civil suits are pending in Michigan and Arizona.
Act on Special Cases Concerning the Punishment of Sexual Crimes
Production and distribution of sexually explicit synthetic media.
The outlier. Recorded cases rose from 168 in 2023 to 550 in 2024 to roughly 1,300 in 2025. Between November 2024 and October 2025 deepfake offences were the largest single category of cybersexual violence, with 1,438 arrests from 1,462 enforcement actions. No other jurisdiction in this list is prosecuting at comparable volume.
AI Basic Act
Governance, transparency and risk obligations on developers and deployers.
Regulatory rather than criminal, in force since January 2026. No enforcement action located. Included because it is frequently cited as evidence that a jurisdiction is acting on AI crime, which it is not designed to do.
EU AI Act
Prohibited practices and risk tiers for AI systems.
Regulatory, phased, and enforced against providers and deployers rather than offenders. Criminal enforcement remains a member-state matter. No criminal prosecution located under national implementing provisions.
18 U.S.C. § 1343 (wire fraud)
Schemes to defraud using interstate wire communications.
Predates the internet. Carried the largest AI-enabled fraud conviction located to date: a guilty plea in March 2026 over hundreds of thousands of AI-generated songs streamed by bot accounts, with $8,091,843.64 forfeited. No AI-specific statute was needed or used.
18 U.S.C. § 1466A
Obscene visual representations of the sexual abuse of children.
Two decades older than generative AI and expressly carved out of the TAKE IT DOWN Act's intimate-depiction offence. It, not the newer statute, reached the child-related conduct in the first TAKE IT DOWN Act case.
C.R.S. § 18-6-403 (Colorado)
Sexual exploitation of a child, including production and possession.
Twenty-three counts brought in January 2026 over images said to have been produced by altering photographs of real children with generative tools. No federal counts and no AI-specific statute. No disposition located.
What the counts mean
A number is the count of criminal convictions this record has located under that statute for AI-enabled conduct. In use marks a general statute that has carried such a conviction without being written for it. n/a marks a regulatory instrument with no criminal provisions to count. High volume marks a statute being applied at a scale where individual cases are not separately tracked here.
Absence of a located conviction is not proof that none exists. Court records are uneven across jurisdictions and most are not searchable in English. Where a conviction is found, this page will change and the entry it came from will be linked. Corrections to jason@unio-analytics.com.